HISTORY OF THE SKIN
Skin has been a very useful raw material since the beginning of humanity . Thanks to it, man was able to survive the most extreme periods of climate.
During the Stone Age , the culture of leather working began. It was then that clothing, stores and supports for religious representations began to be produced. Later, by “accident” primitive man learns how to preserve it ; near the sea with curing by salting or curing by drying in the sun, and when the fire took over, curing by smoking was carried out.
In natural laboratories with the fermentation of tannins that destroy hair keratin, the skin is transformed into leather . With the discovery of bronze and later iron, other processes appeared that gave rise to an endless number of useful objects for working on the skin .
TYPES OF LEATHER
Bovine
Calf
Goat
Equine
Ovine
Pig
Otter
Chinchilla
Crocodile/Alligator
Reptiles
Fish
TREATMENTS
Treatment: Rawhide
Treatment type: Salt drying
Features: Rigid texture
Uses: Drums
Treatment: Tanned with brains
Type of treatment: With animal brain fat
Features: Very soft and flexible (suede). Multiple textures
Uses: Saddlery and pre-tanning
Treatment: Aluminum tanned
Type of treatment: Tanned with aluminum
Features: Rigid texture
Uses: Scrolls
Treatment: Vegetable tanned
Type of treatment: With tannins and vegetable ingredients. It oxidizes with air and light, giving it a brown color and darkening.
Characteristics: It is not stable in tone or consistency if it gets wet or changes temperature. Textures: multiple.
Uses: Saddlery and pre-tanning
Treatment: Chrome tanned
Type of treatment: It was invented in 1858, it is the most used. With salts and chromium acid
Features: Texture: soft, flexible and waterproof
Multiple uses
POST TANNING TREATMENT
Treatment: Cooked leather
Features: It sinks and the collagen fibers shorten. It is immersed in water if it is rigid. It is introduced into boiling wax or fat, it is more flexible.
Uses: Bookbinding, furniture and sculpture
Treatment: Dyed leather
Characteristics: Dyes such as aniline, translucent colors, acrylic dyes, uniform colors. Covered with one or several layers of polyurethane varnish.
Uses: Bookbinding, furniture and sculpture
Treatment: Oiled leather
Features: Replenishes natural oils. Gives durability.
Uses: Bookbinding, furniture and sculpture
Treatment: Patent leather
Features: Waterproofs the leather and makes it more resistant. Resistance: light, scratches, repellent.
Uses: Bookbinding, furniture and sculpture